Yokohama Business Review
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YOKOHAMA BUSIESS REVIEW Vol.34, No.1
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Sociology of Labor Markets in Japan: A Review on Sociological Approaches to Labor Transfers Yokohama and Business
Shinichi Ogawa
This paper is a critical review on sociology of labor markets in Japan. Sociological literature on labor markets
in Japan has been "scattered" so far. This paper focuses on literature in labor transfers and reviews three
approaches to them: social mobility approach, social linkage approach, and institutional approach.
Labor market segmentation according to firm size, which is one of the main topics on which social mobility approach
has focused, has been considered to be difficult to accept as generalized proposition. Instead, segmentation of labor
market according to types of employment, including those of younger generations, is becoming a main object of
sociological investigation.
The focus of social linkage approach has been on labor transfers through personal or institutional networks.
This approach has shed light on the difference in types of networks that job applicants utilize according to their
attributes of social stratification. The types of job applicants it has dealt with are new graduates from school,
workers with job experience, and international immigrants.
Institutional approach has focused on functions of laws in labor transfers, interactions between interest groups
over legislations, and the actions of firms and job applicants canalized through the legal outcomes and those of
the interactions. The labor markets studied along this approach are those of new graduates from school, workers
with job experience, and international immigrants.
All of these approaches put their stress on architectures of labor markets in society. It is expected that sociology
of labor markets in Japan will accumulate knowledge in institutional aspects of labor markets.
Analyses of Consumers' Cognition Regarding Foods
Miyuri Shirai
This paper reports the results of two surveys. One focused on consumers' cognition regarding characteristics of foods
and the role of price in food purchases and the other focused on consumers' cognition regarding benefits, risks,
necessities, and the type of purchase decisions for various food categories.
The Developmental Process of Late Entry Type Foreign Pharmaceutical Company
Ryosuke Takeuchi
This paper clarifies the Japanese operation process of the foreign pharmaceutical company which entered the Japanese
market late. The subject of this paper is clarifying the process with focus on the following points.
First, how did the company deal with acquiring and upgrading the human resources in Japan, which were difficult
problems for foreign companies? Second, how did it make relationship with medical doctors?
The dividing ridges of Orgnizing
Osamu Kikima
From the perspective of organizing, a pattern of organizing is determined by not organizational objective.
Organizational objectives are found in organizing process. Interactions of people who engage determine its pattern.
Actions of people are determined by their situation which constructed of information made through self-categorization
process and learning process. By discussing these processes, we can find some patterns of organizing and dividing
ridges that is tipping point in it.
Theoretical Elucidation of the Cultural Industry Systems Approach:
Based on the Organization Theories of Thompson, Parsons and Evan
Ryota Yagi
The purpose of this paper is to attempt at the theoretical elucidation of "The Cultural Industry Systems Approach"
which Hirsch (1972,1975) first introduced System Approach to organizational study of the Cultural Industry.
In particular, this paper addresses the following two research questions.
Firstly,This study deals with the organization theories by Thompson, Parsons and Evan which have had an impact on
theory construction of the Cultural Industry System Approach, and expound the essence of these theories respectively,
then discusses the relationships between these theories. Secondly,The paper focuses on how the subsystems as the
constituents of the Cultural Industry System Approach functions mutually and/or in the total system, and then considers
the structure of the Cultural Industry System Approach. In the result, from the considerations of the first research
question, we found that three organization theories by Thomson, Parsons and Evan have a profound connection each,
and the Cultural Industry System Approach has been established based on the theoretical triangle relationship-building.
From the considerations of the second research question, we discovered the interorganizational relation of music
industry in the interaction of the three subsystems which are the technical system, managerial system and the
institutional system.
This proves that applying the Cultural Industry System Approach enable us to clarify the interorganizational
relation and the adaptation to environment of the organizations in the cultural industry.
In other words, this approach is greatly valid approach to clarify the organizational phenomenon (including the
interaction between organizations and environments) at the subsystem levels in the internal cultural industry system,
interdependent relationship among the subsystems, the feedback of environmental elements, and furthermore the
coordination mechanism for uncertainty of environment (roles and functions of boundary personnels or gatekeepers).
YOKOHAMA BUSIESS REVIEW Vol.34, No.2 & 3
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Re-affirming the Importance of Accounting as the Infrastructure for the Global Economy:
Road map towards IFRS Adoption and Development of International Human Resources with Accounting Mind-set
Tsuguoki Fujinuma
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Psychological Contract Development during Different Career Stages:
A Comparative Study of New Recruits and Veterans in a Japanese Company
Yasuhiro Hattori and Yuta Morinaga
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A Review on the Problem of the Policy for the Food Industrial Cluster
Masaru Takahashi
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